Structure and uses of Benzene and it’s Derivatives

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1.DDT( DICHLORO DIPHENYL TRICHLORO ETHANE)

Structure of DDT:

DDT

The actual name of the DDT is 2,2 bis (4-chlorophenyl)-1,1,1trichloroethane.

Molecular formula is C14H9Cl5.

Properties of DDT: it is a colourless, crystalline, tasteless and odourless organochlorine. It is nearly insoluble in water but it soluble in organic solvents like fat and oil.

preparation: DDT is prepared by heating chlorobenzene with chloral in presence of conc. H2SO4.

Uses:

  • It is a powerful insecticide.
  • It is used to kill mosquito(specialy Anopheles mosquito)and other insects.

Side effects: It is toxic to human beings and mammals and its non-biodegradable.

2. BHC(BENZENE HEXACHLORIDE)

structure:

BHC

BHC also known as ( IUPAC Name) 1,2,3,4,5,6- hexachlorocyclohexane.

Molecular formula: C6Cl6.

properties: it is a white crystalline solid, insoluble in water but variable soluble in organic solvent, mostly soluble in halogenated solvents like chloroform.

preparation: it is prepared by chlorination of benzene in the presence of UV light.

uses:

  • BHC it’s mainly used as pesticide in agriculture.
  • It is used to treat food crops and to forestry products, as a seed treatment, soil treatment.
  • It has also been used as pharmaceutical treatments for lice and scabies.
  • it is used to produce shampoo and lotions.

side effects: it is an animal and human carcinogen. It is used as fungicide it was found in all food types. It causes liver , kidney and thyroid cancer.

3. SACCHARIN

Structure:

Saccharin

saccharin also known as 2-H, 2-Benzothiazol-1, 1,3-trione.(IUPAC NAME)

Molecular formula:C7H5NO3H.

  • uses: saccharin in is an artificial sweetener it is about 300-400 time as sweet as sucrose or table sugar. It is used to produce soft drink.
  • It is used to produce soft drink, medicines and toothpaste.
  • it has no nutritional value so it is safe for use diabetes patients.

4. CHLORAMINE

Structure:

chloramine

Molecular Formula: NH2Cl,

properties: It is unstable colourless liquid and its melting point is 66 degree Celsius. It is readily soluble in water and ether but less soluble in chloroform and carbon tetrachloride.

Uses

  • it is used as disinfectant for water.
  • it is also used as swimming pool disinfectant.
  • it is used to improve odour and flavour of water.

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